The peer review process is carried out as part of efforts to ensure the quality and scientific validity of submitted manuscripts. After a manuscript is accepted by the editorial team, it undergoes an initial assessment (desk review) to ensure that it is in line with the journal's focus and scope, as well as to check that it is administratively complete.

Next, manuscripts that pass the initial selection are sent to two to three independent reviewers who have competence and expertise in the relevant field. Reviewers are given a certain amount of time (usually 2–4 weeks) to evaluate the manuscript based on aspects of substance, methodology, scientific contribution, originality, and relevance to the relevant field of science.

After the reviewers submit their evaluation results, the editor assesses the feedback provided. Based on the reviewers' recommendations, editorial decisions may include:

1. Accepted without revision,
2. Accepted with minor revisions,
3. Major revisions required before acceptance, or
4. Rejected.

If revisions are requested, the author is given the opportunity to revise the manuscript according to the reviewers' feedback and resubmit it for re-evaluation. This process may occur in one or more cycles, depending on the quality of the revisions and the considerations of the reviewers and editor.

This peer review process is conducted on a double-blind basis, where the identities of the author and reviewers are concealed to ensure the objectivity and integrity of the evaluation.

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