Analisis Gerak Start Panjat Tebing: Tinjauan Capaian Waktu World Record
Keywords:
Panjat tebing, analisis gerak, start, kinematik, waktu reaksi, akselerasi, world record
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik gerakan start pada atlet panjat tebing nomor speed world record dengan pendekatan motion analysis berbasis video. Fokus utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi aspek kinematik, khususnya waktu reaksi, sudut fleksi lutut, dan perpindahan tangan yang berperan penting dalam menentukan kecepatan gerakan saat start. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan frame-by-frame analysis menggunakan perangkat lunak Kinovea. Data dikumpulkan dari babak kualifikasi Porprov Jawa Tengah, dengan subjek penelitian terdiri dari 12 atlet nomor speed yang berpartisipasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu reaksi rata-rata atlet adalah 0,023 ± 0,011 detik, dengan sudut fleksi lutut kiri rata-rata 142,54 ± 3,22° dan sudut fleksi lutut kanan 70,24 ± 1,95° pada fase start. Perpindahan tangan tercatat 0,030 ± 0,010 detik. Pada fase akselerasi, keterlibatan kedua kaki meningkat secara lebih seimbang, dengan sudut fleksi lutut kiri 141,10 ± 1,88° dan lutut kanan 130,18 ± 1,38°. Meskipun performa atlet sudah cukup baik, hasil analisis ini menunjukkan bahwa masih terdapat jarak yang signifikan antara capaian waktu atlet dan world record yang tercatat pada kisaran 5,4 detik. Temuan ini mengindikasikan pentingnya pengoptimalan teknik gerak, khususnya pada fase start dan akselerasi, untuk mendekati capaian waktu world record. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam pengembangan teknik panjat tebing nomor speed world wcord, serta memberikan wawasan bagi pelatih dalam meningkatkan performa atlet pada kompetisi internasional.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Andrey, S. (2025). Decoding speed climbing : AI-powered biomechanical analysis of elite performance. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 25(7), 1482–1489. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2025.07165
Beltrán Beltrán, R., Richter, J., Köstermeyer, G., & Heinkel, U. (2023). Climbing Technique Evaluation by Means of Skeleton Video Stream Analysis. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 23(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/s23198216
Briley, S., Taylor, N., Outram, T., Chidley, J., & Mitchell, J. (2024). Kinematic Profiles and Performance Insights of National-level Speed Climbers. British Association of Sport and Exercise Science - Biomechanics and Motor control Interest group. https://repository.derby.ac.uk/download/228ae609b34c1a26b017cb95faccc638fd8c87de0e1e87dc72758937bae638a4/172613/BASES_BIG2024_SBriley 1 %281%29.docx
Chen, R., Liu, Z., Li, Y., & Gao, J. (2022). A Time-Motion and Error Analysis of Speed Climbing in the 2019 IFSC Speed Climbing World Cup Final Rounds. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(10), 6003. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106003
Elias, P., Skvarlova, V., & Zezula, P. (2021). SPEED21: Speed Climbing Motion Dataset. Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Multimedia Content Analysis in Sports, 43–50. https://doi.org/10.1145/3475722.3482795
Fadilah, S. M., Nugraha, U., & Kurniawan, A. (2024). Pengaruh Latihan Vertical Jump Terhadap Meningkatkan Power Otot Tungkai Pada Atlet Panjat Tebing Sipin Lake Pada Jalur Start Nomor Speed World Record. Indonesian Journal of Sports and Health, 1(1), 52–62. https://rumah-jurnal.com/index.php/jajork/article/view/56
Faggian, S., Borasio, N., Vecchiato, M., Gatterer, H., Burtscher, M., Battista, F., Brunner, H., Quinto, G., Duregon, F., Ermolao, A., & Neunhaeuserer, D. (2025). Sport climbing performance determinants and functional testing methods: A systematic review. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 14, 100974. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100974
Hosseini, S. A., & Wolf, P. (2023). Performance indicators in speed climbing: insights from the literature supplemented by a video analysis and expert interviews. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 5, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2023.1304403
Huang, P., Huang, T., Xu, Z., Zhang, Y., & Wang, H. (2025). Speed Climbing Analysis System Based on Spatial Positioning and Posture Recognition: Design and Effectiveness Assessment. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 15(16), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15168959
Jacobs, J., Olivier, B., Brandt, C., & Boulle, N. (2024). Anthropometric and biomechanical factors in elite male and female fast bowlers. Journal of Biomechanics, 170(May), 112157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112157
Jarvis, M. R. (2021). Kinematic variations between successful and unsuccessful dynamic rock climbing movements. EWU Digital Commons.
Krawczyk, M., Pociecha, M., Ozimek, M., & Draga, P. (2020). The force, velocity, and power of the lower limbs as determinants of speed climbing efficiency. TRENDS in Sport Sciences, 27(4), 219–224. https://doi.org/10.23829/TSS.2020.27.4-5
Legreneur, P., Rogowski, I., & Durif, T. (2019). Kinematic analysis of the speed climbing event at the 2018 Youth Olympic Games. Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 22(sup1), S264–S266. https://doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2020.1714907
Lockie, R. G., Jalilvand, F., Callaghan, S. J., Jeffriess, M. D., & Murphy, A. J. (2015). Interaction Between Leg Muscle Performance and Sprint Acceleration Kinematics. Journal of Human Kinetics, 49(1), 65–74. https://doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2015-0109
Lutfiani, D., & Irawan, F. A. (2025). The Effectiveness of Weight Training on Speed in Rock Climbing Athletes in the Speed World Record Category. Indonesian Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 5(1), 40–48.
Nasution, A. F., & Tarigan, F. N. (2025). Optimalisasi Prestasi Lari Sprint Melalui Strategi Latihan Akselerasi dan Instruksi Verbal dalam Meningkatkan Kecepatan Maksimal. Jurnal Ilmiah STOK Bina Guna Medan, 13(2), 220–227. https://doi.org/10.55081/jsbg.v13i2.3861
Pandurevic, D., Draga, P., Sutor, A., & Hochradel, K. (2022). Analysis of Competition and Training Videos of Speed Climbing Athletes Using Feature and Human Body Keypoint Detection Algorithms. Sensors, 22, 2251. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22062251
Pandurevic, D., Draga, P., Sutor, A., & Hochradel, K. (2025). Performance Insights in Speed Climbing : Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Key Movement Metrics. Bioengineering, 12(9), 975. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12090957
Pongsiri, T., Prajongjai, V., & Charoenpanich, N. (2022). Movement analysis of the starting phase of 15-m speed climbing : a case study of thai national rock climber. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 22(12), 3128–3134. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2022.12396
Putri, M. P., Putra, I. M., Susanti, D. T., Muhammadiyah, U., & Bungo, M. (2025). Pengaruh latihan lyometric terhadap kecepatan memanjat pada atlet speed world record panjat tebing bungo. Master of Physical Culture and Recreation in Nusantara (Gejora), 1(1), 8–12.
Reveret, L., Chapelle, S., Quaine, F., & Legreneur, P. (2020). 3D Visualization of Body Motion in Speed Climbing. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(September), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02188
Riswanto, A. H., & Sihombing, B. H. (2025). Pengaruh Latihan Resistance Band Terhadap Peningkatan Kecepatan Speed Climbing Pendahuluan. Jurnal Porkes, 8(3), 93–103. https://doi.org/10.29408/porkes.v8i3.31742
Sanchez, X., Torregrossa, M., Woodman, T., Jones, G., & Llewellyn, D. J. (2019). Identification of Parameters That Predict Sport Climbing Performance. 10(May), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01294
Suryaningtyas, E., & Permana, D. F. W. (2025). Analisis Pembinaan Cabang Olahraga Panjat Tebing Kabupaten Kulon Progo Tahun 2025. Journal of Sport Science Indonesia, 4(3), 77–91. https://doi.org/10.31258/jassi.4.3.77-91
Winkler, M., Künzell, S., & Augste, C. (2023). Competitive performance predictors in speed climbing, bouldering, and lead climbing. Journal of Sports Sciences, 41(8), 736–746. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2023.2239598
Beltrán Beltrán, R., Richter, J., Köstermeyer, G., & Heinkel, U. (2023). Climbing Technique Evaluation by Means of Skeleton Video Stream Analysis. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 23(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/s23198216
Briley, S., Taylor, N., Outram, T., Chidley, J., & Mitchell, J. (2024). Kinematic Profiles and Performance Insights of National-level Speed Climbers. British Association of Sport and Exercise Science - Biomechanics and Motor control Interest group. https://repository.derby.ac.uk/download/228ae609b34c1a26b017cb95faccc638fd8c87de0e1e87dc72758937bae638a4/172613/BASES_BIG2024_SBriley 1 %281%29.docx
Chen, R., Liu, Z., Li, Y., & Gao, J. (2022). A Time-Motion and Error Analysis of Speed Climbing in the 2019 IFSC Speed Climbing World Cup Final Rounds. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(10), 6003. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106003
Elias, P., Skvarlova, V., & Zezula, P. (2021). SPEED21: Speed Climbing Motion Dataset. Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Multimedia Content Analysis in Sports, 43–50. https://doi.org/10.1145/3475722.3482795
Fadilah, S. M., Nugraha, U., & Kurniawan, A. (2024). Pengaruh Latihan Vertical Jump Terhadap Meningkatkan Power Otot Tungkai Pada Atlet Panjat Tebing Sipin Lake Pada Jalur Start Nomor Speed World Record. Indonesian Journal of Sports and Health, 1(1), 52–62. https://rumah-jurnal.com/index.php/jajork/article/view/56
Faggian, S., Borasio, N., Vecchiato, M., Gatterer, H., Burtscher, M., Battista, F., Brunner, H., Quinto, G., Duregon, F., Ermolao, A., & Neunhaeuserer, D. (2025). Sport climbing performance determinants and functional testing methods: A systematic review. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 14, 100974. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100974
Hosseini, S. A., & Wolf, P. (2023). Performance indicators in speed climbing: insights from the literature supplemented by a video analysis and expert interviews. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 5, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2023.1304403
Huang, P., Huang, T., Xu, Z., Zhang, Y., & Wang, H. (2025). Speed Climbing Analysis System Based on Spatial Positioning and Posture Recognition: Design and Effectiveness Assessment. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 15(16), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15168959
Jacobs, J., Olivier, B., Brandt, C., & Boulle, N. (2024). Anthropometric and biomechanical factors in elite male and female fast bowlers. Journal of Biomechanics, 170(May), 112157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112157
Jarvis, M. R. (2021). Kinematic variations between successful and unsuccessful dynamic rock climbing movements. EWU Digital Commons.
Krawczyk, M., Pociecha, M., Ozimek, M., & Draga, P. (2020). The force, velocity, and power of the lower limbs as determinants of speed climbing efficiency. TRENDS in Sport Sciences, 27(4), 219–224. https://doi.org/10.23829/TSS.2020.27.4-5
Legreneur, P., Rogowski, I., & Durif, T. (2019). Kinematic analysis of the speed climbing event at the 2018 Youth Olympic Games. Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 22(sup1), S264–S266. https://doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2020.1714907
Lockie, R. G., Jalilvand, F., Callaghan, S. J., Jeffriess, M. D., & Murphy, A. J. (2015). Interaction Between Leg Muscle Performance and Sprint Acceleration Kinematics. Journal of Human Kinetics, 49(1), 65–74. https://doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2015-0109
Lutfiani, D., & Irawan, F. A. (2025). The Effectiveness of Weight Training on Speed in Rock Climbing Athletes in the Speed World Record Category. Indonesian Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 5(1), 40–48.
Nasution, A. F., & Tarigan, F. N. (2025). Optimalisasi Prestasi Lari Sprint Melalui Strategi Latihan Akselerasi dan Instruksi Verbal dalam Meningkatkan Kecepatan Maksimal. Jurnal Ilmiah STOK Bina Guna Medan, 13(2), 220–227. https://doi.org/10.55081/jsbg.v13i2.3861
Pandurevic, D., Draga, P., Sutor, A., & Hochradel, K. (2022). Analysis of Competition and Training Videos of Speed Climbing Athletes Using Feature and Human Body Keypoint Detection Algorithms. Sensors, 22, 2251. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22062251
Pandurevic, D., Draga, P., Sutor, A., & Hochradel, K. (2025). Performance Insights in Speed Climbing : Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Key Movement Metrics. Bioengineering, 12(9), 975. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12090957
Pongsiri, T., Prajongjai, V., & Charoenpanich, N. (2022). Movement analysis of the starting phase of 15-m speed climbing : a case study of thai national rock climber. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 22(12), 3128–3134. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2022.12396
Putri, M. P., Putra, I. M., Susanti, D. T., Muhammadiyah, U., & Bungo, M. (2025). Pengaruh latihan lyometric terhadap kecepatan memanjat pada atlet speed world record panjat tebing bungo. Master of Physical Culture and Recreation in Nusantara (Gejora), 1(1), 8–12.
Reveret, L., Chapelle, S., Quaine, F., & Legreneur, P. (2020). 3D Visualization of Body Motion in Speed Climbing. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(September), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02188
Riswanto, A. H., & Sihombing, B. H. (2025). Pengaruh Latihan Resistance Band Terhadap Peningkatan Kecepatan Speed Climbing Pendahuluan. Jurnal Porkes, 8(3), 93–103. https://doi.org/10.29408/porkes.v8i3.31742
Sanchez, X., Torregrossa, M., Woodman, T., Jones, G., & Llewellyn, D. J. (2019). Identification of Parameters That Predict Sport Climbing Performance. 10(May), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01294
Suryaningtyas, E., & Permana, D. F. W. (2025). Analisis Pembinaan Cabang Olahraga Panjat Tebing Kabupaten Kulon Progo Tahun 2025. Journal of Sport Science Indonesia, 4(3), 77–91. https://doi.org/10.31258/jassi.4.3.77-91
Winkler, M., Künzell, S., & Augste, C. (2023). Competitive performance predictors in speed climbing, bouldering, and lead climbing. Journal of Sports Sciences, 41(8), 736–746. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2023.2239598
Published
2026-03-04
How to Cite
Dyah Kusuma Wardhani Yusnita, D., Hamzah, M. A., Muhajjir Syahputra, Fajar Awang Irawan, & Sulaiman. (2026). Analisis Gerak Start Panjat Tebing: Tinjauan Capaian Waktu World Record. Jurnal Ilmiah STOK Bina Guna Medan, 14(1), 37-47. https://doi.org/10.55081/jsbg.v14i1.5585
Section
Articles
