Systematic Literature Review: Dampak Sport Psychology Intervention terhadap Motivasi dan Kinerja Atlet Bola Basket

Hanifan Kurnia Lubis; Hairani Evelin Ambarita; Genhart Yerikho Pos-Pos; Fusthothul Anwarsyah; Fadya Afarin; Muhammad Fadli

doi:10.55081/jphr.v5i4.4809

Hanifan Kurnia Lubis Sekolah Tinggi Olahraga dan Kesehatan Bina Guna
Hairani Evelin Ambarita Sekolah Tinggi Olahraga dan Kesehatan Bina Guna
Genhart Yerikho Pos-Pos Sekolah Tinggi Olahraga dan Kesehatan Bina Guna
Fusthothul Anwarsyah Sekolah Tinggi Olahraga dan Kesehatan Bina Guna
Fadya Afarin Sekolah Tinggi Olahraga dan Kesehatan Bina Guna
Muhammad Fadli Sekolah Tinggi Olahraga dan Kesehatan Bina Guna

DOI: https://doi.org/10.55081/jphr.v5i4.4809

Keywords: sport psychology intervention, motivasi atlet, kinerja bola basket, systematic literature review, mixed methods

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak sport psychology intervention terhadap motivasi dan kinerja atlet bola basket melalui systematic literature review dengan pendekatan mixed methods sequential explanatory design. Metode yang digunakan melibatkan analisis kuantitatif terhadap 28 studi eksperimental dari database Scopus, PubMed, dan repositori universitas Indonesia periode 2019-2025, dilanjutkan dengan analisis kualitatif mendalam terhadap 18 artikel terpilih untuk eksplorasi mekanisme psikologis yang mendasari efektivitas intervensi. Kriteria inklusi mencakup penelitian eksperimental pada atlet bola basket usia 15-25 tahun yang mengimplementasikan berbagai jenis sport psychology intervention dengan outcome measures motivasi dan kinerja yang terstandarisasi. Hasil meta-analysis menunjukkan bahwa sport psychology intervention memberikan peningkatan signifikan pada motivasi intrinsik (effect size d = 0.89), self-efficacy (d = 0.82), konsentrasi (d = 0.76), dan performa teknis (d = 0.71). Analisis tematik mengidentifikasi lima mekanisme kunci: cognitive restructuring, emotional regulation, goal-setting optimization, self-talk enhancement, dan imagery training effectiveness. Integrasi temuan mengungkap bahwa kombinasi multiple intervention techniques selama 8-12 minggu dengan frekuensi 2-3 sesi per minggu menghasilkan adaptasi psikologis yang paling komprehensif dan sustainable dalam meningkatkan motivasi serta kinerja atlet bola basket.

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