SLR: Peran Strength and Conditioning Training dalam Peningkatan Performa Atlet Bola Basket
Abstract
Systematic Literature Review ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran strength and conditioning (S&C) training dalam peningkatan performa atlet bola basket berdasarkan evidensi empiris dari penelitian terdahulu. Metode penelitian menggunakan systematic literature review dengan kerangka PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) sesuai panduan PRISMA 2020. Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada database PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, dan repositori universitas dengan kata kunci "strength training", "conditioning training", "basketball performance", dan "athletic performance" dalam periode publikasi 2019-2025. Kriteria inklusi meliputi penelitian eksperimental yang meneliti pengaruh S&C training terhadap performa fisik dan keterampilan atlet bola basket usia 12-25 tahun. Total 34 artikel memenuhi kriteria dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik dan meta-sintesis naratif. Hasil systematic review menunjukkan bahwa S&C training secara signifikan meningkatkan kekuatan otot dengan effect size rata-rata d=1,18 (95% CI: 1,02-1,34), power eksplosif d=1,24 (95% CI: 1,08-1,40), kecepatan linear d=0,89 (95% CI: 0,71-1,07), agility d=0,91 (95% CI: 0,75-1,07), dan daya tahan kardiovaskular d=0,90 (95% CI: 0,72-1,08). Plyometric training menunjukkan efektivitas tertinggi untuk vertical jump (d=1,47), resistance training superior untuk strength development (d=1,32), dan HIIT optimal untuk cardiovascular endurance (d=2,32). Durasi optimal program S&C adalah 6-8 minggu dengan frekuensi 3-4 kali/minggu dan intensitas progresif. Core training meningkatkan stabilitas dan keseimbangan dengan additional benefits untuk shooting accuracy (12-18% improvement) dan injury prevention (40-60% risk reduction). Systematic review ini menyimpulkan bahwa S&C training merupakan komponen essential dalam pengembangan performa atlet bola basket, dengan program terstruktur yang mengintegrasikan resistance training, plyometric exercises, conditioning drills, dan core stability training memberikan peningkatan komprehensif terhadap multiple performance parameters.
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References
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