Systematic Review: Pengaruh Small-Sided Games terhadap Keterampilan Taktik dan Teknik Pemain Bola Basket
Abstract
Systematic review ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh small-sided games (SSG) terhadap keterampilan taktik dan teknik pemain bola basket berdasarkan evidensi empiris dari penelitian terdahulu. Metode penelitian menggunakan systematic literature review dengan kerangka PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) sesuai panduan PRISMA 2020. Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada database Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan repositori universitas dengan kata kunci "small-sided games", "basketball", "tactical skills", "technical skills", dan "performance" dalam periode publikasi 2019-2025. Kriteria inklusi meliputi penelitian eksperimental yang meneliti pengaruh SSG terhadap keterampilan taktik dan/atau teknik pemain bola basket usia 10-25 tahun. Total 32 artikel memenuhi kriteria dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik dan meta-sintesis naratif. Hasil systematic review menunjukkan bahwa SSG secara signifikan meningkatkan keterampilan teknik dengan effect size rata-rata d=1,24 (95% CI: 1,08-1,40) dan keterampilan taktik dengan effect size d=1,18 (95% CI: 0,95-1,41). Format SSG 3v3 menunjukkan efektivitas tertinggi untuk pengembangan keterampilan taktik (d=1,32), sedangkan format 2v2 lebih efektif untuk keterampilan teknik individual (d=1,41). Durasi optimal SSG adalah 4-6 menit dengan recovery 2-3 menit, frekuensi 3 kali/minggu selama 6-8 minggu. Faktor keberhasilan meliputi modifikasi aturan, ukuran lapangan yang tepat, dan keberadaan pelatih sebagai fasilitator. SSG terbukti meningkatkan frekuensi sentuhan bola (38%), efektivitas passing (29%), akurasi shooting (24%), dan kecepatan pengambilan keputusan taktik (31%) dibandingkan latihan konvensional. Systematic review ini menyimpulkan bahwa small-sided games merupakan metode latihan yang efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan taktik dan teknik pemain bola basket secara simultan, dengan format dan parameter yang dapat disesuaikan berdasarkan tujuan latihan spesifik.
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References
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