Intervensi Latihan untuk Meningkatkan Passing Sepak Bola: Akurasi, Kecepatan Keputusan, Kualitas Teknis, dan Efektivitas – Tinjauan Berstruktur Berbasis PICOS dan PRISMA

Krisman Gulo; Yonathan Alexander Barus; Yolanda Kristiani br Sitepu; Wesly Marbun; Yazid Al Munawar; Yogi Haganta

doi:10.55081/jphr.v5i3.4660

Krisman Gulo Sekolah Tinggi Olahraga & Kesehatan Bina Guna
Yonathan Alexander Barus Sekolah Tinggi Olahraga dan Kesehatan Bina Guna
Yolanda Kristiani br Sitepu Sekolah Tinggi Olahraga dan Kesehatan Bina Guna
Wesly Marbun Sekolah Tinggi Olahraga dan Kesehatan Bina Guna
Yazid Al Munawar Sekolah Tinggi Olahraga dan Kesehatan Bina Guna
Yogi Haganta Sekolah Tinggi Olahraga dan Kesehatan Bina Guna

DOI: https://doi.org/10.55081/jphr.v5i3.4660

Keywords: passing, akurasi, keputusan, small-sided games, periodisasi taktis, analisis jaringan operan, KPI pertandingan

Abstract

Latar belakang: Passing merupakan penentu sirkulasi dan progresi bola, berkorelasi dengan indikator kinerja utama (KPI) dan struktur jaringan operan dalam pertandingan. Tujuan: Meninjau pengaruh latihan teknik, SSG, pelatihan berbantu video/occlusion/biofeedback, dan periodisasi terhadap akurasi passing, waktu keputusan, kualitas teknis, efektivitas taktis, serta retensi keterampilan pada pemain berbagai usia/level. Metode: Tinjauan berstruktur 2000–2025 bahasa Inggris/Indonesia menggunakan kerangka PICOS dan pelaporan PRISMA ringkas, menggabungkan studi intervensi dan observasional serta ulasan sistematis terkait SSG dan pengukuran passing. Hasil: Latihan teknik terstruktur cenderung meningkatkan akurasi lebih besar dibanding SSG dalam jangka pendek, sementara SSG memfasilitasi keputusan kontekstual dan eksposur aksi teknis yang tinggi; pelatihan perseptual-kognitif dan visual occlusion mempercepat reaksi perifer dan menurunkan waktu/penalti pada tugas passing; efektivitas taktis tampak melalui peningkatan KPI passing dan metrik jaringan operan, tetapi bukti RCT multi-minggu dan data retensi masih terbatas. Kesimpulan: Kombinasi blok teknik, SSG berbasis constraint, dan sesi perseptual-kognitif dengan pemantauan KPI dan analitik jaringan dianjurkan dalam mikro-siklus, disertai evaluasi transfer dan retensi terencana

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